Lock.



PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905. F. J. VIEWEG. LOCK APPLICATION FILED FEB.2'I.1903.'

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APPLICATION FILED M127. 1903.

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PATENT ormon.

FRED J. VIEWEG, OF PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 17', 1905.

Application filed February 27, 1903. Serial No. 145,438.

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRED J. VIEWEG, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Plainfield, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates generally to locks, and has more particularly reference to combination-locks.

I shall describe a combinationlock embodying my invention and afterward point out the novel features in the claims.

The object of my invention is to produce a lock efiicient, simple, and inexpensive in its construction and one which, moreover, is capable of having a great number of combinations without greatly increasing its size or complicating its parts and one in which, furthermore, the combination can be easily changed.

To this end my lock comprises, essentially, a bolt upon which is mounted a plurality of outer rings rotatable, but not laterally movable, having combination characters or other indicating devices upon their surfaces and a corresponding number of inner rings mounted independently upon the bolt inside of the outer rings and capable of being rotated with the same and also capable when each outer ring is properly positioned with respect to the adjacent outer ring of a lengthwise movement with the bolt by sliding from one outer ring into the next adjacent outer ring.

Other features of construction will appear as the specification proceeds.

In the drawings I have embodied my invention in connection with a bolt used on a door; but it is obvious that my invention is susceptible of being used in connection with other locks.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 represents a transverse section, on the line a; m of Fig. 2, of a door provided with a lock embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of part of a door, showing the lock in position. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 1/ y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a detail view of a stationary sleeve for preventing the bolt from being drawn except when the combination is struck at a certain point of the circumference of the outer rings. Figs. oand 6 are detail views of one of the outer rings constructed so that the combination may be changed. Figs.

7 and 8 are detail views of a collar moving with the ring shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and changeable with relation to same so that the combination can be changed. Figs. 9 and 10 are assembled views of the collar and ring shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8. Figs. 11 and 12 are detail views of a modification whereby the combination can be changed. Fig. 13 is a sectional view through a door and doorway, showing a modification. Fig. 14: is a sectional view showing the relation of the inner and outer rings to each other in the form shown in Fig. 13 and showing also a modified form of indication device for the outer ring. Fig. 15 is an end view of the door and bolts shown in Fig. 13.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different views.

A indicates a door on which the lock B is in the present instance applied suitably cut out to receive the said lock.

0 indicates a bolt or other means upon which are mounted a plurality of outer indicationrings 0, rotatable, but not laterally movable, and located adjacent to each other, in this case three, having each a slot 0 internally disposed and having further combination characters upon their surfaces, as shown in Fig. 2. As noted above, these rings are rotatable, but are prevented from moving lengthwise or laterally by reason of the projecting ledges a on the door. 0 indicates a plurality of independ ently-mounted inner rings located adjacent to each other and corresponding in number to the outer rings, whose lugs 0 extend into the internal slots 0 of the rings 0. The bolt is further provided with suitable means for drawing the said bolt, as a handle 0 which may be either fast or removable, and with a spring 0, acting normally against the rings 0 so as to keep the bolt in its locked position,

the said bolt being to that end provided with the pins 0 or other means on the other side of the inner rings, against which the latter abut. Undue movement of the bolt is prevented by some device, as the pin 0 on the door and the groove 0 on the bolt, the bottom of which latter acts as a stop. When it is desired to open the lock, the indication-rings c are rotated, and with them the inner rings 0 until all the slots 0 are in alinement, their position corresponding to a certain combination of indication characters, as 2, 6, and 9. The bolt is then drawn, the two pins c carrying the rings 0 with it, this movement being permitted by the lugs a passing or sliding from the slot of one outer ring into the slot of the next adjacent outer ring, while the said rings 0 remain stationary.

In order to prevent the bolt from being drawn when the proper combination is struck at any point of the circumference of the disks 0 except at the proper point, which in this instance is when the numerals2, 6, and 9 are in alinement with the marks 0 on the door at the front side of same, I provide a fixed sleeve 0 at the end where the spring 0 is located, provided with a groove 0 so that the lugs 0 and slots 0 must be brought in alinement with the said groove 0 in order to have the bolt open, the inner ring 0 next adjacent to the said sleeve 0 sliding into the same when the bolt opens.

To enable the combination to be changed, I provide the last of the disks or rings 0 with a plurality of holes 0 and attach a cu p-shaped collar 0 adjacent thereto. This cup-shaped collar is provided with a plurality of radial slots 0, one of which is in alinement with the slots 0 and with one or more pins 0 to engage with the holes 0 so that the said collar moves with the said disk. When it is desired to change the combination, the slot 0 of the disk 0 is shifted into alinement with one of the other slots 0 of the collar 0 A different method is shown in Figs. 11 and 12, in which the disks 0, the one shown being lettered 0 is provided with a plurality of radial slots 0", all except one of which are plugged, as indicated by the dotted lines. To change the combination, the plug is removed from one slot and inserted into another.

In Figs. 13, 14, and 15 is shown a more complex form adapted to be used especially on a door. In this form the bolt E is provided with a plurality of inner rings 0, having slots 6 while the outer rings 0 are provided with the lugs d, which of course is an obvious mechanical equivalent of the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. In this instance, however, the lock is made self-opening when the proper combination is struck at the proper point of the circumference of the rings and is to that end provided with an enlargement 6 having a recess 0, and provided, further, with one or more projections 6 which enter the holes c in the adjacent doorway. A fixed sleeve e prevents the bolt from opening except when the combination is struck at the proper point, as in the other construction, it being in this instance, however, provided with acam instead of with aslot. A pin 6 in the bolt carries the inner rings with the said bolt when it opens. The bolt is locked by manipulating the handle 6 on same, which carries the inner rings back again by means of the pin a. In the recess a is located a second bolt 6, which can be drawn at all times by means of the handle 0, but is kept normally closed by the spring a. When the proper combination is struck on the combination-lock, however, the said spring 6 acts to open the main bolt E.

Instead of having indication characters a number of pegs, as 6, can be used, one of which, 6 is distinguished by some physical characteristic from the other pegs, as by its shape or size. In the present instance it is made longer than the rest. If the combination now is 2, 6, and 9, thelong peg can represent No. 1, and the rings will then be turned one peg on the first ring, five pegs on the second ring, and eight pegs on the third ring from the long peg in each ring. This is highly advantageous, as the lock can in this way be opened in the dark, and, moreover, the combination will not be so easily detected by other persons when it is being opened.

Of course the combination in this look can be changed in a way similar to the one shown in connection with the simpler structure.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a combination-lock, the combination with a bolt, of an inner and an outer series of rings mounted on the same, the outer rings being rotatable, but not laterally movable, and the inner rings being rotatable with the outer rings, and, when each outer ring is properly positioned with respect to the adjacent outer ring, capable of a lengthwise movement with the bolt, by sliding from one outer ring into the next adjacent outer ring.

2. In a combination-lock, the combination with a bolt, of an inner and an outer series of rings, mounted on the same, the outer rings being rotatable but not laterally movable, and the inner rings being rotatable with the outer rings, and,when each outer ring is properly positioned with respect to the adjacent outer ring, capable of a lengthwise movement with the bolt by sliding from one outer ring into the next adjacent outer ring, indication characters or devices on the surfaces of the outer rings whereby this positioning is determined, and a fixed sleeve having means whereby the bolt can be drawn only when the proper combination is struck at a certain point on the circumference of the rings and into which the next adjacent inner ring slides when the bolt opens.

3. In a combination-lock, the combination with a bolt, of an inner and an outer series of rings mounted on the same, the outer rings being rotatable but not laterally movable and the inner rings being rotatable with the outer rings, and, when each outer ring is properly positioned with respect to the adjacent outer ring, capable of a lengthwise movement with the bolt by sliding from one outer ring into the next adjacent outer ring, and means whereby the bolt will open itself when the proper combination is struck.

4:. In a combination-lock, the combination with a bolt, of an inner and an outer series of rings, mounted on the same, the outer rings being rotatable but not laterally movable and having indication characters or devices on their surfaces, and the inner rings being capable, when each outer ring is properly positioned with respect to the adjacent outer ring, of a lengthwise movement with the bolt by sliding from one outer ring into the next adjacent outer ring, when rotated with the outer rings to strike the-proper combination of indication characters, and means whereby the combination can be changed.

5. In a combination-lock, a rotatable ring, a radial slot in same, a cup-shaped collar, a

plurality of radial slots, and means for ad- I5 justably securing the collar and ring together.

6. In a look, a main bolt, a recess in said bolt, a second bolt in said recess, and a spring also located in said recess normally tending to keep the main bolt open and the second bolt closed.

Signed at New York this 11th day of February, 1903.

FRED J. VIEWEG.

Witnesses:

WILLIA R. DoRMAN, AXEL V. BEEKEN. 

